Identify by airplane characteristics

A flying boat with as main distinctive external feature the diagonal struts in front of the pusher engine and the vertical stabiliser. The piston engine is placed above the fuselage, below the upper wings.

Commonly referred to as 'Jenny' many, many pilots learned to fly on this biplane after WW1. Most versions have wider span upper wings than lower wings. They are barced by two sets of struts on both sides and many wires. Typical are the rounded triangular vertical stabiliser and inverted airfoil shaped fuselage when seen from the side.

The liquid-cooled piston engine in the nose of the P-40 has a large air intake below the nose, where the cooling takes place. Another distinctive aspect is the main gear that retracts backward in the wings, rotating 90 degrees during the process. Most versions have a slight bend and streamline body in the wing where the gear is attached. Finally, the canopy is multi-framed, with the top often flush with the top of the fuselage.

Key features of the Robin are the low vertical stabiliser and tall, triangular cockpit side window that runs until the floor. Most versions have a radial piston engine, but some have another type.

The SOCATA (now Daher) TBM-700 was the first high speed single engine turbo­prop aircraft on the market. Now it shares it with the PA-46 series, Epic LT, Kestrel JP10 and more, which all have the same general appearance. You can best keep them apart by looking at the cockpit windows, cabin windows and engine cowlings.

The swept wings of this French fighter family pass through the fuselage between the middle and the bottom of the fuselage. It has an air intake in the nose and a typical cruciform tail with swept horizontal stabilisers. (photo: Mike Freer - Touchdown-aviation/WikiMedia)

Dassault's carrier-based fighter family is one of the few fighters with a cruciform tail. For the rest the (Super) Etendard looks a bit like the Mirages, but then with swept wings and no semi-circular shock cones in the air intakes.

The baby jet of Dassault is a smaller version of the Falcon 20 with different cockpit windows (but still six), a single wheel nose gear and three or four cabin windows on each side.

The general characteristics of the Falcon 20 are the large cockpit windows, large oval cabin windows and cruciform tail with the horizontal stabilizer in a V-shape (with a significant dihedral), about halfway the vertical fin.

The Falcon 2000 roughly resulted from removing the middle engine from the Falcon 900. This creates a funny tail cone: it is slightly turned up. It is also easily recognisable from other aircraft due to its cruciform tail with a significant anhedral on the horizontal stabiliser.